Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts

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Vols：Painting

Page：942

Trongsa Dzong: Buddhist Cosmology

BHUTAN, Trongsa; 19th century; Ink and color on cotton; 145 x 85 cm
This thangka is based on the cosmological system described in the Abhidharmakosa Sastra. Mount Sumeru, an inverted pyramid, stands in the center, surrounded by seven layers of golden mountain ranges separated by seas. A ring of iron mountains forms the outer border; thus, the mountains and seas are collectively known as the nine mountains and eight seas." Within the boundary of the iron mountains there are four large continents: white Purvavideha

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